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Neolithic, by Susan McCarter
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This excellent introductory textbook describes and explains the origins of modern culture– the dawn of agriculture in the Neolithic area.
Written in an easy-to-read style, this lively and engaging book familiarises the reader with essential archaeological and genetic terms and concepts, explores the latest evidence from scientific analyses as varied as deep sea coring, pollen identification, radiometric dating and DNA research, condensing them into an up-to-date academic account, specifically written to be clear even the novice reader.
Focusing primarily on sites in southwest Asia, Neolithic addresses questions such as:
- Which plants and animals were the first to be domesticated, and how?
- How did life change when people began farming?
- What were the first villages like?
- What do we know about the social, political and religious life of these newly founded societies?
- What happened to human health as a result of the Neolithic Revolution?
Lavishly illustrated with almost a hundred images, this enjoyable book is an ideal introduction both for students of archaeology and for general readers interested in our past.
- Sales Rank: #424796 in eBooks
- Published on: 2012-11-12
- Released on: 2012-11-12
- Format: Kindle eBook
About the Author
Susan Foster McCarter holds a degree in Mediterranean prehistory from Brandeis University. For almost twenty years she has been a member of the Department of Near Eastern Studies at Johns Hopkins University. She also teaches art history and archaeology at York College of Pennsylvania.
Most helpful customer reviews
13 of 14 people found the following review helpful.
an ideal introduction to the greatest transition in human history
By Robert J. Crawford
This is one of those books that can open the reader's eyes onto a massively important era in human development. The neolithic age began approximately 10,000 years ago, marking the end of the 2 million year-old hunter-gatherer societies. The change was absolutely immense, in that humans began to raise their own food, became sedentary, and developed in outline the societies that have survived to the current day.
In McCarter's hands, we gain an overview of the major areas of this transformation. She writes as a scientist who can address a popular audience, at a high undergraduate level. While avoiding long debates or esoteric descriptions of significant artifacts, she goes over the essentials in a level of detail and complexity that keeps the reader going, indeed, that whets the appetite for seeking more - that is the surest sign of success in any reading experience. Every single page is chock full of ideas and descriptions that add to a comprehensive view of the age.
The book is divided into digestible sections, beginning with a description of the scientific tools, from carbon dating through mendelian genetics and many others. While a bit brief, it makes for a dense introduction. She then addresses topics, including pottery, art, trade, society, architecture and concludes with a discussion on why the transition took place - interestingly, she refuses to sound definitive when the science will not support the conclusion. In each instance, she discusses with exceptional clarity the method employed to reach her conclusions, the reasons that past ideas were rejected, and the areas of continuing controversy. Finally, she respects the reader by holding to what can be scientifically known - she avoids facile generalizations or the tendentious junk interpretations that infect such popular sources as Wired magazine.
What can be definitively analyzed in endlessly fascinating. For example, the domestication of animals led to fundamental adaptations in their appearance and behavior. The wolf was quickly inserted into west Asian settlements, often so altered that they have been judged as separate species; the same is true for pigs, cows, goats, and sheep. The mechanism for this change surprised me: it was via neotany, according to which offspring adopt younger genetic characteristics than those of their parents: shorter snouts, less dangerous horns, less sharp teeth, different brain capacity, etc. The animals apparently adapted from a combination of breeding, environmental pressure, and perhaps even human expectation. However, the animals were chosen for their compatibility in such areas as acceptance of hierarchical masters (human or their own kind), the ability to live in close quarters, etc. This will forever spark my imagination as I read about economics or study other societies. The author accomplishes the same thing in all the areas she addresses.
Perhaps most fascinating, many of her conclusions are stunningly counter-intuitive. The adoption of farming methods, for example, led to a DECLINE of human health: life expectancy declined, height diminished, new diseases appeared (both epidemic within urban agglomerations and from repetitive farm labor); indeed, the appearence of dental caries is taken as a sign of farm-based economies: higher levels of carbohydrate diets meant increased acid levels in the mouth, hence cavities. In addition, genuine social hierarchies appeared, which means that the overwhelming majority of human history was lived in egalitarian hunter-gatherer societies! Does that mean, I wonder, if humans existed naturally as socialists? Does this contradict the views that evolutionary psychologists are presenting (crudely put that hierarchy naturally reflects genetic superiority)? This is wonderful intellectual food.
It is truly rare that I find a book this stimulating. The wonder that it evokes is priceless: while expensive and short, this was an absolutely wonderful reading experience. The author's style is also clear and concise, without flourish. THere are ample illustrations as well, all adding to the text. It is a true gem and I hope the author produces more: this is popular science at its best.
Warmly recommended.
7 of 8 people found the following review helpful.
Prehistory as You Need (and Want) to Know It
By Carl J. Schneider
In this short but thorough book McCarter skillfully combines the scholarly and the readable. Her overview happily introduces the college student to the Neolithic Age, even as it clarifies and organizes the general reader's vague knowledge of that period. As a bonus, the author gives us throughout the text side boxes of fascinating related answers for questions we've always wondered about but couldn't quite formulate--for instance, why are there so many breeds of dogs and so few of cats?
0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
Review of Neolithic
By Chris J
Very readable and informative. I have been reading many books on the Paleolithic and so this book was a good choice to help in understanding the transition to farming. The author does a great job of making the book an entertaining read, while maintaining scientific integrity. She clearly underscores the limits of our knowledge and the continued excitement of discovery.
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