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The Rising: Easter 1916, by Fearghal McGarry
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The Easter Rising of 1916 not only destroyed much of the centre of Dublin - it changed the course of Irish history. But how did it achieve this? What role did people from ordinary backgrounds play in the making of the Irish revolution and what motivated them to take part in it? What did the rebels think they could achieve? And what kind of a republic were they fighting for? These basic questions continue to divide historians of modern Ireland.
The Rising is the story of Easter 1916 from the perspective of those who made it, focusing on the experiences of rank and file revolutionaries - a story now told for the first time. To do this, Fearghal McGarry makes use of a unique source that has only recently seen the light of day - a collection of over 1,700 eye-witness statements detailing the activities of members of Sinn Féin, the Irish Republican Brotherhood, Cumann na mBan, and the Irish Volunteers at the time of the
Rising. This collection represents one of the richest and most comprehensive oral history archives devoted to any modern revolution, providing new insights on almost every aspect of this seminal period.
Using this unique source, McGarry shows how people from ordinary backgrounds became politicized and involved in the struggle for Irish independence in the early years of the twentieth century. He illuminates their motives and aspirations and highlights the importance of the Great War as a catalyst for the uprising. He concludes by exploring the Rising's revolutionary aftermath, which saw the creation of an Irish parliament, Dáil Éireann, and the Irish Republican Army's armed campaign
to win independence.
- Sales Rank: #569091 in eBooks
- Published on: 2010-01-28
- Released on: 2010-01-28
- Format: Kindle eBook
Review
"Although the subject has been covered before, in this work McGarry (history, Queen's Univ., Belfast) uses primary sources only recently made available, focusing not on the major leaders but on members of the rank and file, and lets them provide the descriptions of what happened almost 100 years ago. ... [A]n important addition to the field."--Library Journal
"McGarry's prose throughout does justice to the very dramatic story he tells. He seamlessly weaves together these richly evocative witnesses with current historiography and narrative, making this book both a major addition to what has already been done, but also an excellent introduction for the general reader to the Rising of 1916."--America
"[A] vivid and compelling narrative that explores the thoughts, fears, and motivations of the revolutionaries in this seminal event in the nation's fight for independence, ... The Rising offers invaluable insights into the insurrection from ground level. ... [A] poignant mosaic of idealism, bravery, and humanity, ... The Rising is rich with tales of the acts of ordinary Dubliners."--Boston Globe
"McGarry succeeds in exposing what few histories of the Rising have done: how the ordinary men and women felt as their city fell around them, bursting into flame and assaulted by rebels and the counterattacks by British troops rushed in to crush the latest in a series of seemingly futile uprisings."--New York Journal of Books
About the Author
Fearghal McGarry is Senior Lecturer in History at Queen's University, Belfast. He is the author of a number of books on Irish history in the twentieth century, including Frank Ryan, Irish Politics and the Spanish Civil War, and most recently, Eoin O'Duffy: A Self-Made Hero (OUP, 2005).
Most helpful customer reviews
17 of 17 people found the following review helpful.
Why the Rising failed, yet why its legacy succeeded
By John L Murphy
This cannot be faulted. Integrating 1700 oral interviews done with eyewitnesses and participants during the 1950s by the Bureau of Military History, McGarry examines "from below" what the Rising felt like. He emphasizes the men and women on the street, literally, who fought in the rebellion, who opposed it, or who agitated and berated those who did fight. For, the uprising resulted in over half of its deaths being civilian as the city center was looted, burned, and bombed by British naval artillery sent to crush the rebels.
Professor McGarry with four previous books on republican history to his credit succeeds in a fair-minded, objective perusal of many vexing questions. Neither Patrick Pearse's "blood sacrifice" nor class warfare, McGarry holds from the evidence that the rebellion was mainly a desperate attempt to take advantage of what Mick Collins deemed "England's difficulty" in the thick of WWI to divert British troops, invite German arms, and entangle the Crown in what might have gained the stillborn Republic a chance to gain legitimacy at post-war peace talks. A longshot, and certainly eight countermanded orders to mobilize the Irish Volunteers and Citizen Army in the days before led to the Rising's quicker doom. The two thousand in Dublin who did come out to fight managed to blunder into strategic positions they could not hold for long, often, while others took over places with little foresight as to supply lines, placement, or rationale.
Added to his account, the chapter about attempts among the other thousand who rose up or did not in the rest of the country to join the Rising enhances this narrative. Also, the ambivalence and fear shown by the constabulary, largely Catholic and caught between duty to King and camaraderie with those they faced across the barricades, deepened the tension. Too little attention here to both these elements has been paid by past historians. He writes accessibly and while this book may be more for scholars, any reader will learn from it and be guided as he or she goes due to the background chapters-- a third of the contents-- preceding the six days of the Rising itself.
McGarry also incorporates the historiographical debates about the legitimacy of the uprising and the role of violence to establish the Republic. His study balances revisionist and post-revisionist claims well. He supports his interpretations carefully with primary evidence from the oral histories applied judiciously. It's a complex matter he handles adroitly.
While the mixture of farce and heroism, bloodshed and sympathy, as in Dublin, makes the stories heard and transcribed all the more human, one concludes that the Rising overall was more to save face for a generation compelled by the prevalent militarism of the "physical force tradition" to attempt another uprising against imperial tyranny regardless of the odds against it. The pent-up and put-off demands for Home Rule among a nationalist majority, McGarry explains, enabled even the failure of the rebels of 1916 to soon energize and resurrect another war that, finally, would result in most of Ireland within five years to gain a sort of independence, however contested, partitioned, and itself fought over again and again.
4 of 4 people found the following review helpful.
Well researched and clearly organized
By Stanley Crowe
Unless you're committed to a particular ideological reading of the Easter Rising of 1916, you should find McGarry's book interesting. I would recommend it, along with Charles Townshend's "Easter 1916: The Irish Rebellion," which came out three or four years earlier and makes less use than McGarry does of the recently released participant and eyewitness accounts that were collected by the Irish government in the late 1940's and 1950's but kept from public view until quite recently. Both books contextualize the Rising sufficiently and give clear and quite detailed narratives of the main events and personalities. Neither writer (both are professional historians) has an axe to grind beyond the expected one -- "demythologizing" the Rising and returning its study to where it properly belongs: to the discipline of history. One can always wish that the contexts were even more detailed, but if you start in that direction, where do you stop? I would recommend R. F. Foster's "Modern Ireland" for the broader context, but both McGarry's and Townshend's books stand on their own perfectly adequately without it. So I thoroughly recommend this -- although I don't mean that it's necessarily the last word on the subject. I notice that McGarry has published another book since: "Rebels: Voices from the Easter Rising." I haven't had a chance to read it yet, but it sounds interesting.
3 of 3 people found the following review helpful.
A thorough, nuanced, non-ideological analysis of rebels' testimony
By Alex K.
The Rising first captured my imagination when I stumbled on Yeats' "Easter 1916" at the age of 16 or 18. Its oddly transformative impact, deeply felt by the author of "Sixteen Dead Men," emerges again from hundreds of personal accounts. I would recommend McGarry's work to anyone with some knowledge of background issues, for his work is based on extensive primary sources, avoids taking ideological stances, and is rewardingly nuanced. This nuanced approach enables him to lay open paradoxes and contradictions within, or perhaps at the very core, of the republican insurgency.
First of all, why take up arms at all with the Home Rule bill waiting for the end of the war to take effect? This reminds me of the 1881 assassination of Alexander II, the reformist Russian emperor, while he was - according to some historians - preparing to introduce a proto-constitution. But was Home Rule a certainty in 1916?
McGarry explains how quickly the atmosphere changed in Ireland in 1913 after Ulster loyalists openly threatened to challenge Home Rule by force, if necessary, and raised a 100,000-strong armed militia. Republicans seemed to take the Ulster mobilization not as a challenge but as an example to admire and imitate. "The action of the Ulster Volunteers, interpret it as you will, is the very essence of nationalism," according to Eoin MacNeill. "I am glad that the Orangemen have armed, for it is a goodly thing to see arms in Irish hands," wrote Pearse. McGarry concludes: "...the emergence of the UVF [Ulster Volunteer Force] and, crucially, the Liberal government’s failure to suppress it, had created a new political context, one that left British authority in Ireland in a vulnerable position."
The author shows how the Rising inadvertently sowed the seeds of a future civil war, as the first shot the rebels fired killed an Irish Catholic policeman. He questions whether the insurgents could have captured more of the city, taking the Dublin Castle for one, as well as more of the countryside if German weapons had been available. The chapter on the Rising in provincial Ireland is a short book of its own within the larger work, arguing among other things that the tactic of some provincial insurgents presaged the ultimately successful methods Irish patriots employed during the War of Independence.
McGarry provides brief but telling quotes clarifying how Irish public opinion quickly turned against London after the brutal suppression of the rebellion: anti-British sentiment became so visceral it would be impossible to extinguish in generations. In that respect, the Rising was an overwhelming success. But as the author discusses visions for Ireland's future espoused by different factions in the Republican movement, one starts to suspect whether the Rising succeeded in the longer term. In contrast to the pre-1914 decades of reform, economic growth and cultural revival, the Free State period seems dreary and barren.
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